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After completing the registration process, you should set up the Red Hat Update Agent to effectively manage all of your system's package updates. This requires selecting its channel, identifying the packages requiring maintenance, and making your first installation.
The first step is to select the channel from which you want the updated packages to be retrieved. After you send your System Profile, the Channels screen (Figure 2-14) appears. Select the appropriate base channel and click Forward to continue. Refer to Section 4.6 Channels for more information on channels and how channels are used to determine which packages are installed.
After clicking Forward, the dialog box in Figure 2-15 will appear. This means a connection to Red Hat Network is being established and your customized list of updates is being retrieved. This might take some time, depending on the speed of your connection and the number of packages you have installed.
While you see this dialog box, the Red Hat Update Agent uses your unique Digital Certificate (/etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid) to determine if there are any updated packages available for your system. If there are no updated packages available for your system, the dialog box in Figure 2-16 appears. Click OK to exit the Red Hat Update Agent.
If you excluded any packages while registering your System Profile, these are displayed in Figure 2-17. You may override these settings and include any of these packages in the update by selecting the checkboxes next to them. To see a summary of each package in the Package Information section at the bottom of the screen, click the name of the package.
If you want to view the advisory for the RPM Alert, click the View Advisory button. This will display what type of Errata Alert it is and what problem(s) it addresses as shown in Figure 2-18. Click OK to close the advisory. Click Finished when you are finished selecting packages to include.
The Available Package Updates screen is the next to appear. If your system is not up-to-date, your customized list of available updated packages is displayed as shown in Figure 2-19.
By default, no packages are selected for download. To select a package for download (and installation, if you chose that option), click its checkbox. To select all the packages listed, click the checkbox next to Select all packages.
After choosing which packages to update, the Red Hat Update Agent tests for RPM dependencies and prompts you if you have chosen to omit packages that are required for software updates that you did choose. The dialog box in Figure 2-20 is shown while it is testing for dependencies. This process might take some time depending upon how many packages are updating.
After testing is complete, package retrieval begins. The progress of each package retrieval is shown in Figure 2-21. When they have all been retrieved, the message All finished is displayed at the bottom of the screen. Click Forward to continue.
After downloading the packages through the Red Hat Update Agent, they must be installed. If you chose not to have the packages installed via the Red Hat Update Agent, skip to Section 2.3.5.2 Manual Package Installation for further instructions. If you configured it to install the packages (the default setting), the selected packages are installed. The progress of installing each package, as well as the total progress, is displayed. When the packages have been installed, as seen in Figure 2-22, click Forward to continue.
When the Red Hat Update Agent has finished downloading the desired packages (and installing them if you chose the install option), you will see the screen in Figure 2-23. Click Finish to exit the Red Hat Update Agent.
If you are not running X, you can still run the Red Hat Update Agent from a virtual console or remote terminal. If you are running X but want to use the command line version, you can force it not to display the graphical interface with the following command:
up2date --nox |
The command line version of the Red Hat Update Agent allows you to perform advanced functions or to perform actions with little or no interaction. For example, the following command updates your system with no interaction. It will download the newer packages and install them if you configured it to install them.
up2date -u |
The command line version of the Red Hat Update Agent accepts the following arguments:
| Argument | Description |
|---|---|
| --channel=channel | Specify which channels to update from using channel labels. |
| --configure | Configure Red Hat Update Agent options. Refer to Section 2.4 Configuration for detailed instructions. |
| -d, --download | Download packages only; do not install them. This argument temporarily overrides the configuration option Do not install packages after retrieval. Use this option if you prefer to install the packages manually. |
| --dbpath=dir | Specify an alternate RPM database to use temporarily. |
| --dry-run | Do everything but download and install packages. This is useful in checking dependencies and other requirements prior to actual installation. |
| -f, --force | Force package installation. This option temporarily overrides the file, package, and configuration skip lists. |
| --firstboot | Pop up in the center of the screen for Firstboot. |
| --gpg-flags | Show the flags GPG will be invoked with, such as the keyring. |
| --hardware | Update this system's hardware profile on RHN. |
| -i, --install | Install packages after they are downloaded. This argument temporarily overrides the configuration option Do not install packages after retrieval. |
| --justdb | Only add packages to the database and do not install them. |
| -k, --packagedir | Specify a colon-separated path of directories to look for packages in before trying to download them. |
| -l, --list | List packages relevant to the system. |
| --nodownload | Do not download packages at all. This is useful in testing. |
| --nosig | Do not use GPG to check package signatures. This option temporarily overrides the saved configuration option. |
| --nosrc | Do not download source packages (SRPMs). |
| --nox | Do not attempt to run in X. This launches the command line version of the Red Hat Update Agent. |
| -p, --packages | Update packages associated with this System Profile. |
| --proxy=proxy URL | Specify an HTTP proxy to use. |
| --proxyPassword=proxy password | Specify a password to use with an authenticated HTTP proxy. |
| --proxyUser=proxy user ID | Specify a username to use with an authenticated HTTP proxy. |
| --register | Register (or re-register) this system with RHN. Refer to Section 2.2 Registration for detailed instructions. |
| --showall | List all packages available for download. |
| --show-channels | Show the channel name associated with each package. |
| --solvedeps=dependencies | Find, download, and install the packages necessary to resolve dependencies. |
| --src | Download source packages, as well as binary RPMs. |
| --tmpdir=directory | Temporarily override the configured package directory. The default location is /var/spool/up2date. This option is useful if you do not have enough space in the configured location. |
| --undo | Reverse the last package set update. |
| -u, --update | Update system with all relevant packages. |
| --uuid=uuid | Pass in a Unique User ID generated by the Alert Notification tool. |
| --verbose | Show additional output while updating. |
| --whatprovides=dependencies | Show the packages that resolve the comma-separated list of dependencies. |
Table 2-2. Update Agent Command Line Arguments
The first time you run the graphical version of the Red Hat Update Agent, it prompts you to install the Red Hat GPG key. This key is required to authenticate the packages downloaded from Red Hat Network. If you run the command line version the first time you start Red Hat Update Agent, you need to install the Red Hat GPG key manually. If you do not have it installed, you will see the following message:
Your GPG keyring does not contain the Red Hat, Inc. public key.
Without it, you will be unable to verify that packages Update Agent downloads
are securely signed by Red Hat.
Your Update Agent options specify that you want to use GPG.
To install the key, run the following as root:
/usr/bin/gpg --import /usr/share/rhn/RPM-GPG-KEY |
To install the Red Hat GPG key, use the command displayed: /usr/bin/gpg --import /usr/share/rhn/RPM-GPG-KEY, or use the following steps:
 | Note |
|---|---|
GPG keys must be installed for each user. To install the key to use with Red Hat Network, import the key while logged in as root. |
Cut and paste the following into a file and save it as redhat2.asc or download it from https://www.redhat.com/solutions/security/news/publickey/#key.
Type bits/keyID Date User ID pub 1024D/DB42A60E 1999-09-23 Red Hat Software, Inc. (security@redhat.com) sub 2048g/961630A2 1999-09-23 -----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- Version: GnuPG v1.0.0 (GNU/Linux) Comment: For info see http://www.gnupg.org mQGiBDfqVDgRBADBKr3Bl6PO8BQ0H8sJoD6p9U7Yyl7pjtZqioviPwXP+DCWd4u8 HQzcxAZ57m8ssA1LK1Fx93coJhDzM130+p5BG9mYSWShLabR3N1KXdXQYYcowTOM GxdwYRGr1Spw8QydLhjVfU1VSl4xt6bupPbWJbyjkg5Z3P7BlUOUJmrx3wCgobNV EDGaWYJcch5z5B1of/41G8kEAKii6q7Gu/vhXXnLS6m15oNnPVybyngiw/23dKjS ZVG7rKANEK2mxg1VB+vc/uUc4k49UxJJfCZg1gu1sPFV3GSa+Y/7jsiLktQvCiLP lncQt1dV+ENmHR5BdIDPWDzKBVbgWnSDnqQ6KrZ7T6AlZ74VMpjGxxkWU6vV2xsW XCLPA/9P/vtImA8CZN3jxGgtK5GGtDNJ/cMhhuv5tnfwFg4b/VGo2Jr8mhLUqoIb E6zeGAmZbUpdckDco8D5fiFmqTf5+++pCEpJLJkkzel/32N2w4qzPrcRMCiBURES PjCLd4Y5rPoU8E4kOHc/4BuHN903tiCsCPloCrWsQZ7UdxfQ5LQiUmVkIEhhdCwg SW5jIDxzZWN1cml0eUByZWRoYXQuY29tPohVBBMRAgAVBQI36lQ4AwsKAwMVAwID FgIBAheAAAoJECGRgM3bQqYOsBQAnRVtg7B25Hm11PHcpa8FpeddKiq2AJ9aO8sB XmLDmPOEFI75mpTrKYHF6rkCDQQ36lRyEAgAokgI2xJ+3bZsk8jRA8ORIX8DH05U lMH27qFYzLbT6npXwXYIOtVn0K2/iMDj+oEB1Aa2au4OnddYaLWp06v3d+XyS0t+ 5ab2ZfIQzdh7wCwxqRkzR+/H5TLYbMG+hvtTdylfqIX0WEfoOXMtWEGSVwyUsnM3 Jy3LOi48rQQSCKtCAUdV20FoIGWhwnb/gHU1BnmES6UdQujFBE6EANqPhp0coYoI hHJ2oIO8ujQItvvNaU88j/s/izQv5e7MXOgVSjKe/WX3s2JtB/tW7utpy12wh1J+ JsFdbLV/t8CozUTpJgx5mVA3RKlxjTA+On+1IEUWioB+iVfT7Ov/0kcAzwADBQf9 E4SKCWRand8K0XloMYgmipxMhJNnWDMLkokvbMNTUoNpSfRoQJ9EheXDxwMpTPwK ti/PYrrL2J11P2ed0x7zm8v3gLrY0cue1iSba+8glY+p31ZPOr5ogaJw7ZARgoS8 BwjyRymXQp+8Dete0TELKOL2/itDOPGHW07SsVWOR6cmX4VlRRcWB5KejaNvdrE5 4XFtOd04NMgWI63uqZc4zkRa+kwEZtmbz3tHSdRCCE+Y7YVP6IUf/w6YPQFQriWY FiA6fD10eB+BlIUqIw80VgjsBKmCwvKkn4jg8kibXgj4/TzQSx77uYokw1EqQ2wk OZoaEtcubsNMquuLCMWijYhGBBgRAgAGBQI36lRyAAoJECGRgM3bQqYOhyYAnj7h VDY/FJAGqmtZpwVp9IlitW5tAJ4xQApr/jNFZCTksnI+4O1765F7tA== =3AHZ -----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- |
At the shell prompt, import the key with the following command:
gpg --import redhat2.asc |
The resulting message tells you that the key was processed. To check that the key was added, type gpg --list-keys. You will see the Red Hat, GPG key as well as your own keys.
If you chose to download the software updates with the Red Hat Update Agent or from the RHN website, you must install them manually using RPM.
To install them, change to the directory that contains the downloaded packages. The default directory is /var/spool/up2date. Then, type the command rpm -Uvh *.rpm. When the packages are finished installing, you can delete them if you wish. You do not need them anymore.
After installing the packages, you must update your System Profile so that you are not prompted to download them again. Refer to Section 2.3.5.3 Synchronizing Your System Profile for details.
If you configured the Red Hat Update Agent to install the latest packages, then your System Profile stored by Red Hat Network will be updated after the packages are installed. However, if you only download the latest RPM packages using the Red Hat Update Agent, download the RPM packages from the website, or upgrade/install/remove RPM packages yourself, your System Profile will not be updated automatically. You will need to send your updated System Profile to the RHN Servers.
To synchronize the RPM package list on your local system and on Red Hat Network, run the command:
up2date -p |
After running this command, your RHN System Profile will reflect the latest software versions installed on your system.
The Red Hat Update Agent keeps a log of all the actions that it performs on your system in the file /var/log/up2date. It uses the standard rotating log method. Thus, older logs are in /var/log/up2date.1, /var/log/up2date.2, and /var/log/up2date.3. The log files store actions performed by the Red Hat Update Agent such as when your RPM database is opened, when it connects to Red Hat Network to retrieve information from your System Profile, which packages are downloaded, which packages are installed using the Red Hat Update Agent, and which packages are deleted from your system after installation. If you choose to install and delete packages yourself, it will not be logged in this file. You should keep your own log of actions not performed with the Red Hat Update Agent.
