Seam - Contextual Components

@Entity
@Name("user")
@Scope(SESSION)
@Table(name="users")
public class User implements Serializable
{
   private static final long serialVersionUID = 1881413500711441951L;
   
   private String username;
   private String password;
   private String name;
   
   public User(String name, String password, String username)
   {
      this.name = name;
      this.password = password;
      this.username = username;
   }
   
   public User() {}
   
   @NotNull @Length(min=5, max=15)
   public String getPassword()
   {
      return password;
   }

   public void setPassword(String password)
   {
      this.password = password;
   }
   
   @NotNull
   public String getName()
   {
      return name;
   }

   public void setName(String name)
   {
      this.name = name;
   }
   
   @Id @NotNull @Length(min=5, max=15)
   public String getUsername()
   {
      return username;
   }

   public void setUsername(String username)
   {
      this.username = username;
   }

}

	The EJB3 standard @Entity annotation indicates that the User class is an entity bean.
	A Seam component needs a component name specified by the @Name annotation. This name must be unique within the Seam application. When JSF asks Seam to resolve a context variable with a name that is the same as a Seam component name, and the context variable is currently undefined (null), Seam will instantiate that component, and bind the new instance to the context variable. In this case, Seam will instantiate a User the first time JSF encounters a variable named user.
	Whenever Seam instantiates a component, it binds the new instance to a context variable in the component's default context. The default context is specified using the @Scope annotation. The User bean is a session scoped component.
	The EJB standard @Table annotation indicates that the User class is mapped to the users table.
	name, password and username are the persistent attributes of the entity bean. All of our persistent attributes define accessor methods. These are needed when this component is used by JSF in the render response and update model values phases.
	An empty constructor is both required by both the EJB specification and by Seam.
	The @NotNull and @Length annotations are part of the Hibernate Validator framework. Seam integrates Hibernate Validator and lets you use it for data validation (even if you are not using Hibernate for persistence).
	The EJB standard @Id annotation indicates the primary key attribute of the entity bean.

The most important things to notice in this example are the @Name and @Scope annotations. These annotations establish that this class is a Seam component.

We'll see below that the properties of our User class are bound to directly to JSF components and are populated by JSF during the update model values phase. We don't need any tedious glue code to copy data back and forth between the JSP pages and the entity bean domain model.

However, entity beans shouldn't do transaction management or database access. So we can't use this component as a JSF action listener. For that we need a session bean.

@Stateless
@Name("register")
public class RegisterAction implements Register
{

   @In
   private User user;
   
   @PersistenceContext
   private EntityManager em;
   
   @Logger
   private Log log;
   
   public String register()
   {
      List existing = em.createQuery(
         "select username from User where username=#{user.username}")
         .getResultList();
         
      if (existing.size()==0)
      {
         em.persist(user);
         log.info("Registered new user #{user.username}");
         return "/registered.jsp";
      }
      else
      {
         FacesMessages.instance().add("User #{user.username} already exists");
         return null;
      }
   }

}

	The EJB standard @Stateless annotation marks this class as stateless session bean.
	The @In annotation marks an attribute of the bean as injected by Seam. In this case, the attribute is injected from a context variable named user (the instance variable name).
	The EJB standard @PersistenceContext annotation is used to inject the EJB3 entity manager.
	The Seam @Logger annotation is used to inject the component's Log instance.
	The action listener method uses the standard EJB3 EntityManager API to interact with the database, and returns the JSF outcome. Note that, since this is a sesson bean, a transaction is automatically begun when the register() method is called, and committed when it completes.
	Notice that Seam lets you use a JSF EL expression inside EJB-QL. Under the covers, this results in an ordinary JPA setParameter() call on the standard JPA Query object. Nice, huh?
	The Log API lets us easily display templated log messages.
	JSF action listener methods return a string-valued outcome that determines what page will be displayed next. A null outcome (or a void action listener method) redisplays the previous page. In plain JSF, it is normal to always use a JSF navigation rule to determine the JSF view id from the outcome. For complex application this indirection is useful and a good practice. However, for very simple examples like this one, Seam lets you use the JSF view id as the outcome, eliminating the requirement for a navigation rule. Note that when you use a view id as an outcome, Seam always performs a browser redirect.
	Seam provides a number of built-in components to help solve common problems. The FacesMessages component makes it easy to display templated error or success messages. Built-in Seam components may be obtained by injection, or by calling an instance() method.

Note that we did not explicitly specify a @Scope this time. Each Seam component type has a default scope if not explicitly specified. For stateless session beans, the default scope is the stateless context. Actually, all stateless session beans belong in the stateless context.

Our session bean action listener performs the business and persistence logic for our mini-application. In more complex applications, we might need to layer the code and refactor persistence logic into a dedicated data access component. That's perfectly trivial to do. But notice that Seam does not force you into any particular strategy for application layering.

Furthermore, notice that our session bean has simultaneous access to context associated with the web request (the form values in the User object, for example), and state held in transactional resources (the EntityManager object). This is a break from traditional J2EE architectures. Again, if you are more comfortable with the traditional J2EE layering, you can certainly implement that in a Seam application. But for many applications, it's simply not very useful.

@Local
public interface Register
{
   public String register();
}

<components xmlns="http://jboss.com/products/seam/components"
            xmlns:core="http://jboss.com/products/seam/core">
     <core:init jndi-pattern="@jndiPattern@"/>
</components>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

    <!- - Seam - ->

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.jboss.seam.servlet.SeamListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
     <listener>
         <listener-class>com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>javax.faces.STATE_SAVING_METHOD</param-name>
        <param-value>client</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>javax.faces.DEFAULT_SUFFIX</param-name>
        <param-value>.jspx</param-value>
    </context-param>

        <servlet>
                <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
                <servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
                <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>

        
        <servlet-mapping>
                <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
                <url-pattern>*.seam</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE faces-config 
PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JavaServer Faces Config 1.0//EN"
                            "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-facesconfig_1_0.dtd">
<faces-config>

    <!- - A phase listener is needed by all Seam applications - ->
    
    <lifecycle>
        <phase-listener>org.jboss.seam.jsf.SeamPhaseListener</phase-listener>
    </lifecycle>

</faces-config>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jboss.com/products/seam/taglib" prefix="s" %>
<html>
 <head>
  <title>Register New User</title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <f:view>
   <h:form>
     <table border="0">
       <s:validateAll>
         <tr>
           <td>Username</td>
           <td><h:inputText value="#{user.username}"/></td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
           <td>Real Name</td>
           <td><h:inputText value="#{user.name}"/></td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
           <td>Password</td>
           <td><h:inputSecret value="#{user.password}"/></td>
         </tr>
       </s:validateAll>
     </table>
     <h:messages/>
     <h:commandButton type="submit" value="Register" action="#{register.register}"/>
   </h:form>
  </f:view>
 </body>
</html>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f" %>
<html>
 <head>
  <title>Successfully Registered New User</title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <f:view>
    Welcome, <h:outputText value="#{user.name}"/>, 
    you are successfully registered as <h:outputText value="#{user.username}"/>.
  </f:view>
 </body>
</html>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<application xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
                                   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/application_5.xsd"
             version="5">
             
    <display-name>Seam Registration</display-name>

    <module>
        <web>
            <web-uri>jboss-seam-registration.war</web-uri>
            <context-root>/seam-registration</context-root>
        </web>
    </module>
    <module>
        <ejb>jboss-seam-registration.jar</ejb>
    </module>
    <module>
        <java>jboss-seam.jar</java>
    </module>
    <module>
        <java>el-ri.jar</java>
    </module>
    
</application>

@Entity
@Name("message")
@Scope(EVENT)
public class Message implements Serializable
{
   private Long id;
   private String title;
   private String text;
   private boolean read;
   private Date datetime;
   
   @Id @GeneratedValue
   public Long getId() {
      return id;
   }
   public void setId(Long id) {
      this.id = id;
   }
   
   @NotNull @Length(max=100)
   public String getTitle() {
      return title;
   }
   public void setTitle(String title) {
      this.title = title;
   }
   
   @NotNull @Lob
   public String getText() {
      return text;
   }
   public void setText(String text) {
      this.text = text;
   }
   
   @NotNull
   public boolean isRead() {
      return read;
   }
   public void setRead(boolean read) {
      this.read = read;
   }
   
   @NotNull 
   @Basic @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
   public Date getDatetime() {
      return datetime;
   }
   public void setDatetime(Date datetime) {
      this.datetime = datetime;
   }
   
}

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f" %>
<html>
 <head>
  <title>Messages</title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <f:view>
   <h:form>
     <h2>Message List</h2>
     <h:outputText value="No messages to display" rendered="#{messageList.rowCount==0}"/>
     <h:dataTable var="msg" value="#{messageList}" rendered="#{messageList.rowCount>0}">
        <h:column>
           <f:facet name="header">
              <h:outputText value="Read"/>
           </f:facet>
           <h:selectBooleanCheckbox value="#{msg.read}" disabled="true"/>
        </h:column>
        <h:column>
           <f:facet name="header">
              <h:outputText value="Title"/>
           </f:facet>
           <h:commandLink value="#{msg.title}" action="#{messageManager.select}"/>
        </h:column>
        <h:column>
           <f:facet name="header">
              <h:outputText value="Date/Time"/>
           </f:facet>
           <h:outputText value="#{msg.datetime}">
              <f:convertDateTime type="both" dateStyle="medium" timeStyle="short"/>
           </h:outputText>
        </h:column>
        <h:column>
           <h:commandButton value="Delete" action="#{messageManager.delete}"/>
        </h:column>
     </h:dataTable>
     <h3><h:outputText value="#{message.title}"/></h3>
     <div><h:outputText value="#{message.text}"/></div>
   </h:form>
  </f:view>
 </body>
</html>