Seam components can interact by simply calling each others methods. Stateful components may even implement the observer/observable pattern. But to enable components to interact in a more loosely-coupled fashion than is possible when the components call each others methods directly, Seam provides component-driven events.

We specify event listeners (observers) in components.xml.

<components>
    <event type="hello">
        <action expression="#{helloListener.sayHelloBack}"/>
        <action expression="#{logger.logHello}"/>
    </event>
</components>

Where the event type is just an arbitrary string.

When an event occurs, the actions registered for that event will be called in the order they appear in components.xml. How does a component raise an event? Seam provides a built-in component for this.

@Name("helloWorld")
public class HelloWorld {
    public void sayHello() {
        FacesMessages.instance().add("Hello World!");
        Events.instance().raiseEvent("hello");
    }
}

Or you can use an annotation.

@Name("helloWorld")
public class HelloWorld {
    @RaiseEvent("hello")
    public void sayHello() {
        FacesMessages.instance().add("Hello World!");
    }
}

Notice that this event producer has no dependency upon event consumers. The event listener may now be implemented with absolutely no dependency upon the producer:

@Name("helloListener")
public class HelloListener {
    public void sayHelloBack() {
        FacesMessages.instance().add("Hello to you too!");
    }
}

The method binding defined in components.xml above takes care of mapping the event to the consumer. If you don't like futzing about in the components.xml file, you can use an annotation instead:

@Name("helloListener")
public class HelloListener {
    @Observer("hello")
    public void sayHelloBack() {
        FacesMessages.instance().add("Hello to you too!");
    }
}

You might wonder why I've not mentioned anything about event objects in this discussion. In Seam, there is no need for an event object to propagate state between event producer and listener. State is held in the Seam contexts, and is shared between components. However, if you really want to pass an event object, you can:

@Name("helloWorld")
public class HelloWorld {
    private String name;
    public void sayHello() {
        FacesMessages.instance().add("Hello World, my name is #0.", name);
        Events.instance().raiseEvent("hello", name);
    }
}

@Name("helloListener")
public class HelloListener {
    @Observer("hello")
    public void sayHelloBack(String name) {
        FacesMessages.instance().add("Hello #0!", name);
    }
}