What are the specific business benefits for open source in an SOA environment? SOA in general is a transformational process with many touch points. One of the desired goals is to segment a number of existing monolithic applications into a set of individual services that can be composed/aggregated to higher value business services. This will lead to a potentially significant number of distributed (web) services endpoints on an eventually high number of hardware platforms. Implementing these endpoints using commercial Java technology may negatively impact the Total Cost of Ownership of the SOA infrastructure via incremental licensing costs. This can be addressed through the use of open source technologies like JBoss AS. In addition, the use of open source components like PHP for web services clients opens the potential for further Total Cost of Ownership improvements.